I keep getting mixed up on whether the diagonalized form of A is T^(-1)AT or TAT^(-1). Is there an easy way to remember the correct form?

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This is the way I use to remember which form to use. Note the T\, matrix consists of all the eigenvectors, v_i\,, of A\,: T=(v_1|v_2|\cdots|v_n)\,. Using the definition of (right) eigenvectors: Av_i=\lambda_i v_i\,, we have:


AT = A(v_1|v_2|\cdots|v_n) = (Av_1|Av_2|\cdots|Av_n) = (\lambda_1v_1|\lambda_2v_2|\cdots|\lambda_nv_n)
\, = (v_1|v_2|\cdots|v_n)\begin{pmatrix}
  \lambda_1  \\
   & \lambda_2 \\
   & & \ddots \\
   & & & \lambda_n 
\end{pmatrix}=T\Lambda
\,

Right multiply each side by T^{-1}\,: A=T\Lambda T^{-1}\,, which is the correct form.

--Shuo

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