Are degenerate states in the controllability matrix always physically realizable?

Sean Humbert, 28 Oct 02

I'm assuming by "degenerate states" you mean uncontrollable states. This essentially means that you cannot excite these modes (vectors is state space) from the input. An example of this might be a collection of masses connected in some complicated fashion with springs and we only have the ability to apply a force to one of the masses. You can imagine not being able to generate motion in every mass if we are limited to applying a force to only one mass. However, this is very different from a state being physically realizable. The difference is that we can give a system initial conditions to excite any mode we want. Think of the initial condition as a vector in state space. If we want to excite a particular mode (another vector in the state space) the initial condition vector must have a component in the direction of that mode.